Friday, August 14, 2026

She-ka-gaw / Lydia Anderson



Photo of Lydia - dated and location unknown.

She-ka-gaw / Lydia Anderson was born c1834, the daughter of Quis mo qua and Mesh was ha / Blue Eyes Anderson. 

Brother Aish-ke-baw-go-we-quot / Peter was born about 1844, based on age on 1880 census and first marriage; his age was exaggerated by the time of his death. 

Brother Ne-gaw-naw-quot / Jacob was born between 1849 and 1855, based on census, marriage and death records. 

Lydia married David Smith. Story on Ancestry says she was given to David as a teenager in 1845 in Coopersville, Michigan. If she was a teenager then she would have been born earlier. If married/given in 1845, why nine years until the birth of her first child.


Daughter Martha Caroline was said to be born 1 Sep 1854 in Grand Haven, Ottawa, Michigan. 

1857 Annuity Roll - Chief Ne gaw be

#5 Quay saw mo quay, no men, one woman, two children, received $15.18 [If the children are Peter and Jacob, where are Lydia and Martha?]



A story shared on Ancestry says "David, her common law husband, stole a neighbor's oxen then fled to Crow Wing, MN. Changed his name and died in prison there. Lydia was Indian so had no rights to his farm. She was forced to move in with her mother at Battle Point, then met George."  No sources were given for the story. 

1858 Annuity Roll - Chief Ne gaw be

#4 Quay saw mo quay, no men, one woman, four children, received $21.05 [Would the children be Peter, Lydia, Jacob, and Lydia's daughter Martha?]


Daughter Sarah Elizabeth was said to be born in 1859


1861 Annuity Roll - Chief Ne gaw be

#6 Mrs. David Smith,  no men, 1 woman, 2 children, receiving $13.86 and $10.23





1864 Annuity roll - Chief Pay quo tusk


#9 Mrs David Smith, no men, 1 woman, 2 children $10.26

[Transcription only]


1865 Annuity Roll - Chief Pay quo tusk

#7 Mrs. David Smith, no man, 1 woman, 2 children, receiving $14.70
#13 Mrs. David Smith's infant no man, no woman, 1 child, receiving $4.90





Lydia married George Armstrong

Son George was born 1 Jan 1865


1866 Annuity Roll - Chief Pay quo tusk

#5 Quay sais mo quay, no men, one woman, two children, received $11.22

#6 Mrs. David Smith, no men, one woman, two children, received $11.22




1867 Annuity Roll - Chief Pay quo tusk

#5 Mrs David Smith, one woman, three children, received $14.28

#7 Quay saw mo quay, one woman, two children, received $10.71



1868 Annuity Roll - Chief Pay quo tusk

#5 Mrs. David Smith no men, 1 woman, 3 children, receiving $63.40
#7 Quay-se-mo-quay no men, 1 woman, 2 children, receiving $47.55





1870 Annuity Roll - Chief Pay quo tusk

#5 Mrs. David Smith no men, 1 woman, 3 children, receiving $61.20
#7 Quay se mo quay no men, 1 woman, 2 children, receiving $45.90


Son Thomas was born 24 Sep 1871 in White River, Muskegon


1880 Federal Census - White River Township, Muskegon, Michigan

427/439 Armstrong, George, white, 35, farmer, born Canada, parents born England

Lydia, 34,  Indian, wife, keeping house, born Michigan, parents born Michigan

George, 1/2, 15, son, works on farm, born Michigan, father born Canada, mother born Michigan

Thomas, 9, son, at school, born Michigan, father born Canada, mother born Michigan


429/ 441 Robinson, Leonard, white, 29, sailor, born Michigan, mother born Michigan

Martha, Indian, 19, wife, keeping house, born Michigan, parents born Michigan [Martha was actually 26]

Minnie, 1/2, 8, daughter, at school, born Michigan, parents born Michigan

Sarah, 1/2, 4, daughter, at home, born Michigan, parents born Michigan

Leonard, 1/2, 3, son, at home, born Michigan, parents born Michigan

Fredrick, 1/2, 7 months, born November, son, at home, born Michigan, parents born Michigan


1890 Federal Census  - White River township, Muskegon, Michigan - Special Schedule

line 8, George A. Armstrong, private, company G, 8th Michigan infantry, enlisted 15 Dec 1864, discharged 26 Jul 1865; served 8 months, 12 days; post office - Montague, Michigan; disability incurred - gun shot wound; discharged by reason of disability.


Husband George Armstrong died 19 Dec 1895 in White River Township, Muskegon, Michigan. His age was given as 62 years, 10 months, 11 days, cause of death was Bright's Disease and Dropsy, place of birth was Canada, occupation was farming, parents were given as unknown Armstrong and Gome Armstrong, both of New York. 


He was buried at Mouth Cemetery, White River Township, Muskegon, Michigan



In 1896 Lydia applied for a widow's pension.


1900 Federal Census - White River Township, Muskegon, Michigan

120/121 Henry Bell and family

Armstrong, Lydia, no relationship given, Indian, birth month unknown, born 1837, age 63, widowed, 4 children born, 4 children living, born Michigan, parents born Michigan, can not read, can not write, can not speak English, 


1908 Muskegon City Directory

Armstrong Lydia (wid George), bds Thomas Armstrong

Armstrong Thomas, saloon, Ferry nr Bridge, res Meade cor Knudsen




1908 Durant Roll Field Notes

#5 page 58A

Mrs. David Smith or Mrs. Lydia Armstong, 79, P.O. Montague, Mich

1st husband white (Smith)

2nd husband Geo. Armstrong, dead (white)

child 1 - Sarah Robinson, 51, P.O. Montague, husband Mack Robinson (white); 

their children: 

    Geo Robinson 22, P.O. Montague, wife white - no children; 

    Edna Robinson, 16; 

    Evaline Irene, 10; 

    adopted child, Wm. Robinson, 12 see #3/59

child 2 - Martha Robinson, 49, P.O. Montague, Mich; husband white; 

their children: 

    Lizzie Keho, 32, Chicago, Ill - 531 E 50 Place, husband white, child James Keho born 1 Dec 1907;

     Fred Robinson, single, 29, P.O. Montague, Mich; 

    Oliver, single, 27, P.O Montague; 

    Jerome, 27, wife white, 27, child 1 - Oliver Robinson Jr., 6, Elenor, 4, Mary, born Mch 1908; 

    Lydia, single, 25, P.O. Montague; 

    Margaret, Aley, 22, P.O. Montague; husband white, no child

    Jessie Robinson, 15, single

child 3 - George Armstrong, 43, Shattack, Okla; wife white

their children:

    Gertrude, 18, single

    Lydia, 13

    Dora, 12

    Elizabeth, 10

    Eddie, 8

    Esther, 4

 Over was not microfilmed - would be about Thomas Armstrong and family





#7 page 58A

Quay-se-mo-quay, dead

Child 1 Pete Anderson, see #13/55

Child 2 Jacob Anderson see #14/58

Child 3 Mrs. David Smith #5/58 1870 roll




#13 page 55

Aish-ke-baw-go-me-quot or Peter Anderson, age 70, P.O. Chief Lake, Mich

1st wife not named, dead

2nd wife not named, dead

3rd wife Alice Anderson/Wonquay, 52

by 2nd wife - child 1 Mary (Anderson) Hennesay, 20, P.O. Muskegon, 136 Wood ave; husband white; children Ed, age 9; Susie, age 12, Thomas, age 5

child of 3rd wife by #18 page 55 ; Sarah Smith, 30, P.O. Chief Lake; husband, Joe Smith #2, 41, son of #3 p56, P.O. Chief Lake, see #18/55; children - Solomon, 13, John, 8, Delia, 4, Allie (m), 2.



14-58A

Ne-gaw-naw-naw-quot of Jacob Anderson, 60 P.O. Elk Rapids

1st wife Sarah Aiken, dead

2nd wife, dead

3rd wife, Stella Anderson, 56, P.O. Elk Rapids, an Indian of Cross Village band - see #15/20

child by 1st wife - Edward Anderson, 32, P.O. Elk Rapids; wife Thersa (Roundsky) Anderson, 26, grand dau of #6 p. 44

their children:

    Eddie, 8

    Lucy, 6

    Thomas, 5

    Lizzie, 1, [born] Sept. 28, 1907, 2nd roll




1910 Federal Census - Montague township, Muskegon, Michigan

54/50 Armstrong, Thomas, head, 38, married once, married 6 years, born Michigan, father born Eng Canada, mother born Michigan, speaks English, occupation Saloon at retail, can read, can write, owns free house

Martha, wife, 35, married once, married 6 years, 2 children born, 2 children living, born Iowa, father born Wisconsin, mother born Iowa, speaks English, can read, can write

George, son, 5, born Michigan, father born Eng Canada, mother born Iowa

William, son, 1, born Michigan, father born Eng Canada, mother born Iowa

Lydia, mother, 78, widowed, 4 children born, 4 children living, born Michigan, parents born Michigan, speaks English, can read, can write





Lydia died 4 May 1917 in Montague, Muskegon, Michigan



Lydia was buried at Mouth Cemetery, White River Township, Muskegon, Michigan



Montague Observer - 10 May 1917